Kickstart 同時push多個linux操作系統

在生產環境中,經常要安裝不同版本的linux操作系統,以及各種安裝需求；每次安裝操作系統的時候如果用傳統的光碟方式安裝,費時又費力！下面介紹下如何在同一個時刻,使用kickstart push不同的版本的linux,主要有三個版本centos4.8,rhel5.4,rhel6.0和一個linux rescue環境！

一：配置dhcp服務,ks伺服器地址為192.168.50.7/24

[root@rhel5 ~]# rpm -qa |grep dhcp  
dhcpv6-client-1.0.10-17.el5  
dhcp-3.0.5-23.el5_5.2  
 
[root@rhel5 ~]# cat /etc/dhcpd.conf  
option domain-name "766.com";  
default-lease-time 6000;  
max-lease-time 11400;  
authourtative;  
next-server 192.168.50.7;  
ddns-update-style ad-hoc;  
log-facility local7;  
subnet 192.168.50.0 netmask 255.255.255.0{  
range 192.168.50.150 192.168.50.195;  
option domain-name-servers 192.168.50.254;  
option domain-name "766.com";  
option netbios-name-servers 192.168.50.254;  
option routers 192.168.50.254;  
option broadcast-address 192.168.50.255;  
default-lease-time 6000;  
max-lease-time 11400;  
filename "/kickstart/ks.cfg";  
}  
 
option space PXE;  
 
class "PXE" {          
                 
    match if substring(option vendor-class-identifier, 0, 9) = "PXEClient";  
    option vendor-encapsulated-options 01:04:00:00:00:00:ff;  
    option boot-size 0x1;  
    filename "pxelinux.0";  
    option tftp-server-name "192.168.50.7";  
    option vendor-class-identifier "PXEClient";  
    vendor-option-space PXE;  
} 

二：配置tftp-server,準備vmlinz和initrd.img文件

[root@rhel5 ~]# rpm -qa |egrep 'tftp|xinetd'  
tftp-0.49-2.el5.centos  
tftp-server-0.49-2.el5.centos  
xinetd-2.3.14-10.el5  
 
[root@rhel5 ~]# cat /etc/xinetd.d/tftp   
# default: off  
# description: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer   
#       protocol.  The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless   
#       workstations, download configuration files to network-aware printers,   
#       and to start the installation process for some operating systems.  
service tftp  
{  
        socket_type             = dgram 
        protocol                = udp 
        wait                    =         
                 yes 
        user                    = root 
        server                  = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd  
        server_args             = -s /tftpboot  
        disable                 = no   
        per_source              = 11 
        cps                     = 100 2  
        flags                   = IPv4 
}  
 
這些文件可以在對應的系統光碟或者ISO文件下的isolinux目錄下找到  
[root@rhel5 ~]# ls /tftpboot/rhel5.4_64/  
initrd.img  vmlinuz  
[root@rhel5 ~]# ls /tftpboot/rhel6_64/  
initrd.img  vmlinuz  
[root@rhel5 ~]# ls /tftpboot/centos4.8_64/  
initrd.img  vmlinuz 

三：配置相關文件
複製pxelinux.0文件至/tftpboot目錄下,該文件由syslinux軟體包提供,用來pxe啟動linux使用
[root@rhel5 ~]# rpm -qf /usr/lib/syslinux/pxelinux.0
syslinux-3.11-4

複製rhel5光碟下的isolinux目錄下的文件至/tftpboot目錄下,其中vmlinuz和initrd.img文件可以不用複製,在/tftpboot目錄下創建一個名為pxelinux.cfg的目錄,並將/tftpboot目錄下的pxelinux.cfg文件移到到該目錄,重命名為default；KS文件可以在安裝好的linux上使用system-config-kickstart命令生成

[root@rhel5 ~]# ls /tftpboot/  
boot.cat  centos4.8_64  isolinux.bin  memtest      param.msg   pxelinux.cfg  rhel5.4_64  splash.lss  
boot.msg  general.msg   isolinux.cfg  options.msg  pxelinux.0  rescue.msg    rhel6_64    TRANS.TBL  
 
[root@rhel5 ~]# cat /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default   
default rhel5_rescue  
prompt 1  
timeout 600  
display boot.msg  
F1 boot.msg  
F2 options.msg  
F3 general.msg  
F4 param.msg  
F5 rescue.msg  
 
label rhel5_rescue  
 kernel rhel5.4_64/vmlinuz   
 append ksdevice=eth0 load_ramdisk=1 initrd=rhel5.4_64/initrd.img noipv6  
 
 
label rhel5.4_64  
  kernel rhel5.4_64/vmlinuz  
  append ksdevice=eth0 load_ramdisk=1 initrd=rhel5.4_64/initrd.img ks        
                 =ftp://192.168.50.7/ks/ks5_64.cfg noipv6  
 
label rhel6_64  
  kernel rhel6_64/vmlinuz  
  append ksdevice=eth0 load_ramdisk=1 initrd=rhel6_64/initrd.img   ks=ftp://192.168.50.7/ks/ks6_64.cfg  noipv6  
 
 
label centos4.8_64  
  kernel centos4.8_64/vmlinuz  
  append ksdevice=eth0 load_ramdisk=1 initrd=centos4.8_64/initrd.img   ks=ftp://192.168.50.7/ks/ks4.8_64.cfg  noipv6  
 
[root@rhel5 ~]# cat /tftpboot/boot.msg   
#To decide  install  os type and enter command to continue  
 
linux resuce       --->     rhel5_rescue  rescue  
 
rhel5.4 64bit      --->     rhel5.4_64  
 
        
                 rhel6.0 64bit      --->     rhel6_64  
 
centos4.8 64bit    --->     centos4.8_64   

四：配置FTP和autofs,這裡將利用ftp和autofs為安裝提供光碟源鏡像

[root@rhel5 ~]# rpm -qa |egrep 'vsftpd|autofs'  
vsftpd-2.0.5-16.el5_5.1  
autofs-5.0.1-0.rc2.131.el5  
 
[root@rhel5 ~]# tail -1 /etc/auto.master   
/var/ftp/pub /etc/auto.ftp  
[root@rhel5 ~]# cat /etc/auto.ftp   
iso5        -fstype=iso9660,ro,loop :/data/ISO/rhel-server-5.4-x86_64-dvd.iso  
iso4.8      -fstype=iso9660,ro,loop :/data/ISO/CentOS-4.8-x86_64-binDVD.iso  
iso6        -fstype=iso9660,ro,loop :/data/ISO/rhel6.iso 

五：啟動服務和測試

[root@rhel5 ~]# service dhcpd restart  
Shutting down dhcpd: [  OK  ]  
Starting dhcpd: [  OK  ]  
 
[root@rhel5 ~]# service vsftpd restart  
Shutting down vsftpd: [  OK  ]  
Starting vsftpd for vsftpd: [  OK  ]  
 
[root@rhel5 ~]# service autofs restart          
                 
Stopping automount: [  OK  ]  
Starting automount: [  OK  ]  
 
[root@rhel5 ~]# service xinetd restart  
Stopping xinetd: [  OK  ]  
Starting xinetd: [  OK  ]  
 
[root@rhel5 ~]# tail -f /var/log/messages  
Jun 13 17:40:42 rhel5 dhcpd: DHCPDISCOVER from 00:0c:29:4c:0f:d5 via br0  
Jun 13 17:40:43 rhel5 dhcpd: DHCPOFFER on 192.168.50.184 to 00:0c:29:4c:0f:d5 via br0  
Jun 13 17:40:44 rhel5 dhcpd: DHCPREQUEST for 192.168.50.184 (192.168.50.7) from 00:0c:29:4c:0f:d5 via br0  
Jun 13 17:40:44 rhel5 dhcpd: DHCPACK on 192.168.50.184 to 00:0c:29:4c:0f:d5 via br0  
Jun 13 17:40:44 rhel5 xinetd[1794]: START: tftp pid=2829 from=192.168.50.184  
 
[root@rhel5 ~]# tail -f /var/log/xferlog  
Mon Jun 13 08:46:25 2011 1 192.168.50.184 0 /pub/iso5/RELEASE-NOTES-en_US.UTF-8.html b _ o a anonymous@ ftp 0 * i  
Mon Jun 13 08:46:25 2011 1 192.168.50.184 0 /pub/iso5/RELEASE-NOTES.en_US.UTF-8 b _ o a anonymous@ ftp 0 * i  
Mon Jun 13 08:46:25 2011 1 192.168.50.184 0 /pub/iso5/RELEASE-NOTES-en_US.html b _ o a anonymous@ ftp 0 * i  
Mon Jun 13 08:46:25 2011 1 192.168.50.184 0 /pub/iso5/RELEASE-NOTES.en_US b _ o a anonymous@ ftp 0 * i  
Mon Jun 13 08:46:26 2011 1 192.168.50.184 80344 /pub/iso5/RELEASE-NOTES-en.html b _ o a anonymous@ ftp 0 * c  
        
                 
Mon Jun 13 08:49:48 2011 1 192.168.50.184 0 /pub/iso5/images/updates.img b _ o a rhinstall@ ftp 0 * i  
Mon Jun 13 08:49:48 2011 1 192.168.50.184 0 /pub/iso5/disc1/images/updates.img b _ o a rhinstall@ ftp 0 * i  
Mon Jun 13 08:49:48 2011 1 192.168.50.184 0 /pub/iso5/images/product.img b _ o a rhinstall@ ftp 0 * i  
Mon Jun 13 08:49:48 2011 1 192.168.50.184 0 /pub/iso5/disc1/images/product.img b _ o a rhinstall@ ftp 0 * i  
Mon Jun 13 08:49:56 2011 8 192.168.50.184 91160576 /pub/iso5/images/stage2.img b _ o a rhinstall@ ftp 0 * c 

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