尚觀筆記- U盤系統製作攻略

尚觀學習過程中，總結出來的，有什麼意見建議，請及時跟帖，我會做出更新。呵呵



[root@mail Server]# mount -o loop /rhel5u3.iso /media/
mount /dev/hdc /mnt
安裝系統 生成目錄
[root@linux Server]# rpm -ivh --root=/mnt/ filesystem-2.4.0-2.i386.rpm setup-2.5.58-4.el5.noarch.rpm

安裝grub
[root@linux Server]# rpm -ivh --root=/mnt /media/Server/grub-0.97-13.2.i386.rpm --nodeps

查看grub的配置文件，如果裝成會有下面的路徑
[root@linux Server]# cd /mnt/boot/grub/
[root@mail grub]# pwd
/mnt/boot/grub

[root@linux grub]# cp /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.18-128.el5 /mnt/boot/

安裝usb驅動
usb驅動的位置： /lib/modules/2.6.18-128.el5/kernel/drivers/usb/storage/
[root@linux grub]# cd /lib/modules/2.6.18-128.el5/kernel/drivers/usb/storage/
[root@linux storage]# ls
usb-storage.ko
[root@linux storage]# mkinitrd --with=usb-storage /mnt/boot/initrd-usb.img `uname -r`

查看是否安裝成功
[root@linux storage]# cd /mnt/boot/
[root@linux boot]# ls
grub initrd-usb.img vmlinuz-2.6.18-128.el5

拷貝grub文件並修改
[root@linux mnt]# cp /boot/grub/device.map /mnt/boot/grub/device.map
(hd0) /dev/sdc 找sdc這塊移動硬碟


[root@linux mnt]# cp /boot/grub/grub.conf /mnt/boot/grub/grub.conf
default=0
timeout=5
title Linux-usb(2.6.18-128.el5)
root (hd0,0)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.18-128.el5 ro root=/dev/sda6 #若是U盤就寫成 root=LABEL=usb
initrd /boot/initrd-usb.img


配yum
[root@mail grub]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@mail yum.repos.d]# vim rhel-debuginfo.repo
[rhel-debuginfo]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux $releasever - $basearch - Debug
baseurl=file:///media/Server
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release

只改兩行
baseurl=file:///media/Server
enabled=1

[root@mail grub]# yum clean all


安裝ls mount cp init bash等命令
[root@mail yum.repos.d]# rpm -qf `which mount`
util-linux-2.13-0.50.el5
[root@mail yum.repos.d]# rpm -qf /bin/ls
coreutils-5.97-19.el5
[root@linux mnt]# rpm -qf /bin/cp
coreutils-5.97-19.el5
[root@mail yum.repos.d]# rpm -qf /bin/bash
bash-3.2-24.el5
[root@mail yum.repos.d]# rpm -qf `which init`
SysVinit-2.86-15.el5

[root@linux bin]# chroot /mnt
bash-3.2#




[root@mail Server]# yum install --installroot=/mnt coreutils-5.97-19.el5 util-linux-2.13-0.50.el5 bash-3.2-24.el5 SysVinit-2.86-15.el5u

[root@linux doc]# cd /media/Server/
[root@linux Server]# rpm -ivh kernel-doc-2.6.18-128.el5.noarch.rpm
warning: kernel-doc-2.6.18-128.el5.noarch.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:kernel-doc ########################################### [100%]

[root@linux Server]# vi /usr/share/doc/kernel-doc-2.6.18/Documentation/devices.txt （272行）

[root@linux Server]# cp /etc/fstab /etc/mtab /mnt/etc/

[root@linux Server]# vim /mnt/etc/fstab
[root@linux Server]# vim /mnt/etc/mtab

[root@linux Server]# cat /mnt/etc/fstab
LABEL=usb / ext3 defaults 1 1

[root@linux Server]# cat /mnt/etc/mtab
/dev/sdc1 / ext3 rw 0 0


bash-3.2# grub-install /dev/sdc
df: 警告：無法讀取已掛上的文件系統的目錄: 沒有那個文件或目錄
Could not find device for
bash-3.2# grub-install /dev/sdc
Could not find device for /dev/mapper/*
Could not find device for /dev/mapper/*
Could not find device for /dev/mapper/*
/sbin/grub-install: line 630: cmp: command not found
/sbin/grub-install: line 630: cmp: command not found
/sbin/grub-install: line 630: cmp: command not found
/sbin/grub-install: line 630: cmp: command not found
/sbin/grub-install: line 630: cmp: command not found
The file /boot/grub/stage1 not read correctly.


[root@linux Server]# rpm -qf `which cmp`
diffutils-2.8.1-15.2.3.el5

[root@linux Server]# rpm -ivh --root=/mnt diffutils-2.8.1-15.2.3.el5.i386.rpm
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:diffutils ########################################### [100%]
（rpm -ivh --root=/mnt /media/Server/diffutils-2.8.1-15.2.3.el5.i386.rpm）


bash-3.2# grub-install /dev/sdc
Could not find device for /dev/mapper/*
Could not find device for /dev/mapper/*
Could not find device for /dev/mapper/*
Installation finished. No error reported.
This is the contents of the device map /boot/grub/device.map.
Check if this is correct or not. If any of the lines is incorrect,
fix it and re-run the script `grub-install'.

# this device map was generated by anaconda
(hd0) /dev/sdc


裝passwd shandow
[root@mail ~]# rpm -qf `which passwd`
passwd-0.73-1
[root@mail ~]# yum install --installroot=/mnt1 passwd-0.73-1
有可能出現yum不好用的情況
處理方法：
[root@mail ~]# vim /etc/yum.conf
增加如下：
[iso]
name=redhat
baseurl=file:///media/Server
enabled=1
再yum clean all
重新安裝即可

再將/etc/shadow 複製到 /mnt/etc/
由於/mnt1/etc/passwd 和/mnt/etc/shadow不規範，修改root一行即可
yum install --installroot=/mnt `rpm -qf `which vim``

reset （刷新環境變數，複位當前虛擬終端）

[root@linux Server]# yum install --installroot=/mnt vim-enhanced-7.0.109-4.el5_2.4z.i386
yum install --installroot=/mnt which-2.16-7.i386

e2label /dev/sdb1 usb (設置卷標)

Tags: linux system 系統