簡單建立 dns 的 shell script

←手機掃碼閱讀火星人 @ 2014-03-04 , reply:0

簡單建立 dns 的 shell script

常碰到一些朋友抱怨說 linux 的 dns 很難設。
但經我個人觀察，90% 都是打錯字或格式疏忽而已~~~~ ^_^

這裡我寫了隻 shell script ，可以幫助建立簡單的正解及反解檔，
然後將剩下的"簡單"的部份，則自己來修改了...

download:
http://www.study-area.org/linux/src/sample_dns.sh.tgz

最後版原始碼：
#!/bin/bash
set -u

# purpose: make a sample dns for RedHat like system
# author: netman

簡單建立 dns 的 shell script

# date: 2003-12-12
# version: v0.6

#-- CAVEATE --#
# 1) script has been tested only on RedHat 8.x/9.0 platform.
# 2) needs root privilege to run.
# 3) only one forward zone and one reverse zone will be created.
#    if no specified zone names are given, script will assume to
#    use the current DNS domain(using text.cxm instead if not found) for
#    forward zone's name, and the Class-C ipv4 subnet of current IP for
#    reverse zone's name.
# 4) the script can NOT determine whether you have the proper delegation,
#    you should manually delete ANY non-authorized zone settings.
# 5) only followint Resource Record will be create by this script:
#    * SOA (both forward & reverse)
#    * NS (both forward & reverse)
#    * MX (forward only)
#    * A (forward only)
#    * CNAME (www & ftp, forward only)
#    * PTR (reverse only)
# 6) a backup for named.conf and db directory will be made to /root/backup.
#    backup will be performed once during the first running only,
#    unless -b options is given.
# 7) absolutely NO WARRANTY while running this script.

#-- CHANGE LOG --#
# 1) 2003-12-05 v0.1 by netman
#    * first version.
# 2) 2003-12-06 v0.2 by netman
#    * improve options selection, and add:
#             -f, -r, -n
# 3) 2003-12-06 v0.3 by netman
#    * improve name server hostname determination
# 4) 2003-12-07 v0.4 by netman
#    * re-organize options dtermination, and add:
#             -c, -d, -e
# 5) 2003-12-10 v0.5 by netman
#    * bug-fixed to solve:
#             - ip alias address: have primary only
#             - no dns domain: set to test.cxm
#             - no hostname: set to ns1
# 6) 2003-12-12 v0.6 by netman
#    * bug-fixed to solve:
#             - backup dir detection

#-- setting default values --#
wtty=$(ps | grep $$ | tail -n 1 | awk '{print $2}')
interact=
test=
to_file=
backup=
update=

#-- print message --#
function print_usage {
         echo "-------------------------------------------------------------"
         echo "Script Name:"
         echo -e "\t${0##*/}"
         echo "Usage:"
         echo -e "\t${0##*/} [-h]"
         echo -en "\t${0##*/} [-g|-t] [-u] [-b] [-i|"
         echo -n "[-f fwd_zone] [-r rev_zone] [-n name_server]]"
         echo " [-c conf_file] [-d db_dir] [-e ether_if]"
         echo "Options:"
         echo -e "\t-h\tprint this help"
         echo -e "\t-g\trun the script"
         echo -e "\t-i\tspecify own names interactively"
         echo -e "\t-f\tname of forward zone"
         echo -e "\t-r\tname of reverse zone"
         echo -e "\t-n\tname of name-server"
         echo -e "\t-t\ttest only"
         echo -e "\t-u\tforce update db(s)"
         echo -e "\t-b\tforce backup"
         echo -e "\t-c\tpath of named.conf"
         echo -e "\t-d\tpath of named database directory"
         echo -e "\t-e\tethernet interface"
         echo "Example:"
         echo -e "\t# $0 -tu"
         echo -e "\t# $0 -g -f test.cxm -r 3.2.1.in-addr.arpa -n ns.test.cxm"
         echo "-------------------------------------------------------------"
         exit 0
}

#-- getting options --#
while getopts ":hgif:r:n:tubc:d:e:" opt; do
         case "$opt" in
               h) print_usage ;;
               g) : ;;
               f) fwd_zone=$OPTARG ;;
               r) rev_zone=$OPTARG ;;
               n) ns_host=$OPTARG ;;
               i) interact=true ;;
               t) test=true; to_file=/dev/$wtty ;;
               u) update=true ;;
               b) backup=true ;;
               c) named_conf=$OPTARG ;;
               d) db_dir=$OPTARG ;;
               e) host_if=$OPTARG ;;
               \?) print_usage ;;
         esac
done

#-- setting named info --#
named_conf=${named_conf:-/etc/named.conf}
db_dir=${db_dir:-/var/named}
bak_dir=${bak_dir:-/root/backup}

#-- setting zone info --#
fwd_zone=$(hostname -d)
fwd_zone=${fwd_zone:-test.cxm}
host_if=${host_if:-eth0}
host_ip=$(/sbin/ifconfig | grep -A1 $host_if[^:] | awk '/inet/{print $2}' | sed 's/^.*://')
host_ip=${host_ip:-192.168.1.1}
rev_fix=in-addr.arpa
rev_zone=${rev_zone:-$(echo ${host_ip%.*} | awk -F. '{print $3"."$2"."$1}').$rev_fix}
host_name=$(hostname -s)
host_name=${host_name:-ns1}
ns_host=${ns_host:-$host_name.$fwd_zone}
ns_ptr=${host_ip##*.}
serial_nu=$(date +%Y%m%d)01
opt_ttl=86400

#-- setting functions --#
function print_choice {
         echo
         echo "Please select one:"
         echo "h): to print HELP."
         echo "t): to TEST the script only."
         echo "q): to QUIT."
         echo -n 'Your choice? '
         read action
         case $action in
               h|H) print_usage ;;
               t|T) exec $0 -t ;;
               q|Q) echo; exit 0 ;;
               *) print_choice ;;
         esac
}

[ $# -eq 0 ] && {
         echo
         echo "${0##*/}: Error: missing argument."
         print_choice
}

function get_zone {
         echo
         echo "Which name you would like to assign to the $1 zone? "
         echo "(press Enter for '$2', or press 'n' for none): "
         read z_name
         echo $z_name | grep -q ' ' && {
               echo "Error: no space allowed in zone name."
               echo "  Press ctrl-c to abort or type again:"
               get_zone $1 $2
         }
         if [ -z "$z_name" ]; then
               z_name=$2
         elif [ "$z_name" = "n" ]; then
               z_name=
         fi
}

function run_intact {
         get_zone forward $fwd_zone
         fwd_zone=${z_name%.}
         get_zone reverse $rev_zone
         rev_zone=${z_name%.}
         echo
         echo "Give the FQDN of your name-server"
         echo "(or press Enter for system defaults '$ns_host'): "
         read _ns_host
         ns_host=${_ns_host:-$ns_host}
}

#-- prepare target dir --#
function pre_dir {
   for dir in $@; do
         if [ -e $dir -a ! -d $dir ]; then
               echo "${0##*/}: Error: $dir existed but is not a directory."
               exit 1
         else
               mkdir -p $dir || {
                        echo "${0##*/}: Error: Can't create dir: $dir !"
                        exit 1
               }
         fi
   done
}

[ "$test" = true ] || pre_dir ${bak_dir} ${named_conf%/*} $db_dir

#-- test permission --#
for target in $named_conf $db_dir $bak_dir; do
         [ -e $target ] || continue
         [ -w $target ] || {
               echo "${0##*/}: Error: you have no write perssion to $target"
               exit 2
         }
done

#-- make backup --#
function run_bak {
         [ -e $source -a -d $bak_dir ] && {
               cp -a $source $bak_dir || {
                        echo "${0##*/}: Error:can't make backup for $source "
                        exit 3
               }
         }
}
function do_backup {
   for source in $named_conf $db_dir; do
         [ "$backup" = true ] && op=';' || op='||'
         eval test -e $bak_dir/${source##*/} $op run_bak
   done
}

#-- create default settings if missing --#
function create_raw {

   test -e $named_conf || {
         echo "${0##*/}: WARNING: $named_conf seems missing!"
         echo -n "Do you want me to create it for you? (y/N): "
         read YN
         echo $YN | grep -Eq 'Y|y' || return 0

   cat > $named_conf <<END
// generated by ${0##*/} on $(date)

options {
         directory "$db_dir";
};
zone "." IN {
         type hint;
         file "named.ca";
};

zone "localhost" IN {
         type master;
         file "localhost.zone";
         allow-update { none; };
};

zone "0.0.127.in-addr.arpa" IN {
         type master;
         file "named.local";
         allow-update { none; };
};

END

test -e $db_dir/named.ca || {
   cat > $db_dir/named.ca <<END
;    This file holds the information on root name servers needed to
;    initialize cache of Internet domain name servers
;    (e.g. reference this file in the "cache  .  "
;    configuration file of BIND domain name servers).
;
;    This file is made available by InterNIC
;    under anonymous FTP as
;          file             /domain/named.cache
;          on server          FTP.INTERNIC.NET
;
;    last update: Nov 5, 2002
;    related version of root zone: 2002110501
;
;
.                      3600000  IN  NS A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
A.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.    3600000    A    198.41.0.4
.                      3600000    NS B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
B.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.    3600000    A    128.9.0.107
.                      3600000    NS C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
C.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.    3600000    A    192.33.4.12
.                      3600000    NS D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
D.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.    3600000    A    128.8.10.90
.                      3600000    NS E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
E.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.    3600000    A    192.203.230.10
.                      3600000    NS F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
F.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.    3600000    A    192.5.5.241
.                      3600000    NS G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
G.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.    3600000    A    192.112.36.4
.                      3600000    NS H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
H.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.    3600000    A    128.63.2.53
.                      3600000    NS I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
I.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.    3600000    A    192.36.148.17
.                      3600000    NS J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
J.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.    3600000    A    192.58.128.30
.                      3600000    NS K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
K.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.    3600000    A    193.0.14.129
.                      3600000    NS L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
L.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.    3600000    A    198.32.64.12
.                      3600000    NS M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.
M.ROOT-SERVERS.NET.    3600000    A    202.12.27.33
; End of File
END
}

test -e $db_dir/localhost.zone || {
   cat > $db_dir/localhost.zone <<END
\$TTL 86400
\$ORIGIN localhost.
@                      1D IN SOA    @ root (
                                       42             ; serial (d. adams)
                                       3H             ; refresh
                                       15M          ; retry
                                       1W             ; expiry
                                       1D )          ; minimum

                        1D IN NS       @
                        1D IN A       127.0.0.1

END
}
test -e $db_dir/named.local || {
   cat > $db_dir/named.local <<END
\$TTL 86400
@    IN    SOA    localhost. root.localhost.  (
                                       1997022700 ; Serial
                                       28800    ; Refresh
                                       14400    ; Retry
                                       3600000 ; Expire
                                       86400 ) ; Minimum
               IN    NS    localhost.

1    IN    PTR    localhost.

END
}

} # end of first test
} # end of function

#-- check named.conf --#
function check_conf {
   war_msg="${0##*/}: WARNING: \n\t$named_conf seems up-to-date. Nothing will be done. "
   adv_msg="If you really want to continue, you can:"
   for zone in $@; do
         [ -e $named_conf ] && grep -Eq "$zone" $named_conf && {
               echo -e "$war_msg"
               echo "$adv_msg"
               echo "1) delete '$fwd_zone' & '$rev_zone' sections from $named_conf."
               echo " OR:"
               echo "2) run '${0##*/} -u' to override db files in $db_dir."
               echo -e " Note: this option will not modify $named_conf."
               exit 4
         }
   done
}

#-- modify named.conf --#
function mod_conf {
   for zone in $@; do
         [ "$to_file" ] && {
               echo
               echo "Content will be written to $named_conf :"
               echo "----start-------------------------------------"
         }
         cat >> ${to_file:-$named_conf} <<END
zone "$zone" IN {
         type master;
         file "$zone";
};

END
         [ "$to_file" ] && {
               echo "----end---------------------------------------"
         }
   done
}

#-- modify rr db --#
function mod_rr {
   ns_host=${ns_host%.}
   echo $ns_host | grep -q '\.' || ns_host=$ns_host.$fwd_zone
   [ "$fwd_zone" ] && {
         [ "$to_file" ] && {
               echo
               echo "Content will be written to $db_dir/$fwd_zone :"
               echo "----start-------------------------------------"
         }
         cat > ${to_file:-$db_dir/$fwd_zone} <<END
\$TTL $opt_ttl
@  IN  SOA $ns_host. root.$ns_host. (
                                       $serial_nu ; Serial
                                       28800    ; Refresh
                                       14400    ; Retry
                                       604800    ; Expire
                                       86400 ) ; Minimum
@ IN  NS  $ns_host.
@ IN  MX  10 $ns_host.

${ns_host%%.*}  IN A          $host_ip
www    IN CNAME       $ns_host.
ftp    IN CNAME       $ns_host.

END
         [ "$to_file" ] && {
               echo "----end---------------------------------------"
         }
   }

   [ "$rev_zone" ] && {
         [ "$to_file" ] && {
               echo
               echo "Content will be written to $db_dir/$rev_zone :"
               echo "----start-------------------------------------"
         }
         cat > ${to_file:-$db_dir/$rev_zone} <<END
\$TTL $opt_ttl
@  IN  SOA $ns_host. root.$ns_host. (
                                       $serial_nu ; Serial
                                       28800    ; Refresh
                                       14400    ; Retry
                                       604800    ; Expire
                                       86400 ) ; Minimum
@ IN  NS  $ns_host.

$ns_ptr  IN  PTR $ns_host.

END
         [ "$to_file" ] && {
               echo "----end---------------------------------------"
         }
   } # end of test
} # end of function

#-- main script --#
do_backup
create_raw
[ "$interact" = true ] && run_intact
[ "$update" = true ] || { check_conf $fwd_zone $rev_zone; mod_conf $fwd_zone $rev_zone; }
mod_rr
[ "$test" = true ] || {
         echo "${0##*/}: Okay, all done!"
         echo "Don't forget to restart your named daemon and check log messages."
         echo "Enjoy!"
}

exit 0

好。幫你頂

《解決方案》

[原創] 簡單建立 dns 的 shell script

更新：
# 2) 2003-12-06 v0.2 by netman
#    * improve options selection
# 3) 2003-12-06 v0.3 by netman
#    * improve name server hostname determination

download：
http://www.study-area.org/linux/src/sample_dns.sh.tgz

diff 結果(v0.1 - v0.3)：
66,7c6,7
< # date:    2003-12-06
< # version: v0.3
---
>; # date:    2003-12-05
>; # version: v.0.1
32c32
< # 1) 2003-12-05 v0.1 by netman
---
>; # 1) 2003-12-05 v0.01 by netman
34,37d33
< # 2) 2003-12-06 v0.2 by netman
< #    * improve options selection
< # 3) 2003-12-06 v0.3 by netman
< #    * improve name server hostname determination
39,43c35
<
< interact=
< to_file=
< backup=
< update=
---
>; options=hrstbf
48a41,43
>; to_file=
>; backup=
>; update=
57d51
< ns_host=$(hostname -s).$fwd_zone
66,69d59
<    echo "Usage:"
<    echo -e "\t${0##*/} [-h]"
<    echo -en "\t${0##*/} [-g|-t] [-u] [-b] [-i|"
<    echo "[-f fwd_zone] [-r rev_zone] [-n name_server]]"
72,76c62,63
<    echo -e "\t-g\trun the script"
<    echo -e "\t-i\tspecify own names interactively"
<    echo -e "\t-f\tname of forward zone"
<    echo -e "\t-r\tname of reverse zone"
<    echo -e "\t-n\tname of name-server"
---
>;    echo -e "\t-r\trun the script with default values"
>;    echo -e "\t-s\tspecify your own zone names"
78d64
<    echo -e "\t-u\tforce update db(s)"
79a66
>;    echo -e "\t-f\tforce update db(s)"
81,82c68
<    echo -e "\t# $0 -tu"
<    echo -e "\t# $0 -g -f test.cxm -r 3.2.1.in-addr.arpa -n ns.test.cxm"
---
>;    echo -e "\troot_shell# $0 -tu"
103c89
< [ $# -eq 0 ] && {
---
>; echo $@ | grep -q "[^$options-]" || [ $# -eq 0 ] && {
105c91
<    echo "${0##*/}: Error: missing argument."
---
>;    echo "${0##*/}: missing argument or invalid options."
112c98
<    echo "(press Enter for '$2', or press 'n' for none): "
---
>;    echo "(or press Enter for none): "
117c103
<             get_zone $1 $2
---
>;             get_zone $1
119,123d104
<    if [ -z "$z_name" ]; then
<             z_name=$2
<    elif [ "$z_name" = "n" ]; then
<             z_name=
<    fi
126,127c107,108
< function run_intact {
<    get_zone forward $fwd_zone
---
>; function run_spec {
>;    get_zone forward
129c110
<    get_zone reverse $rev_zone
---
>;    get_zone reverse
133,135c114,115
<    echo "(or press Enter for system defaults '$ns_host'): "
<    read _ns_host
<    ns_host=${_ns_host:-$ns_host}
---
>;    echo "(or press Enter for system defaults): "
>;    read ns_host
293c273
<             echo "1) delete '$fwd_zone' & '$rev_zone' sections from $named_conf."
---
>;             echo "1) delete '$zone' sections from $named_conf."
295c275
<             echo "2) run '${0##*/} -u' to override db files in $db_dir."
---
>;             echo "2) run '${0##*/} -f' to override db files in $db_dir."
306,308c286
<             echo
<             echo "Content will be written to $named_conf :"
<             echo "----start-------------------------------------"
---
>;             echo "---->; Content will be written to $named_conf :"
317,319d294
<    [ "$to_file" ] && {
<             echo "----end---------------------------------------"
<    }
324a300
>; ns_host=${ns_host:-$(hostname -s).$fwd_zone}
326d301
< echo $ns_host | grep -q '\.' || ns_host=$ns_host.$fwd_zone
329,331c304
<             echo
<             echo "Content will be written to $db_dir/$fwd_zone :"
<             echo "----start-------------------------------------"
---
>;             echo "---->; Content will be written to $db_dir/$fwd_zone :"
349,351d321
<    [ "$to_file" ] && {
<             echo "----end---------------------------------------"
<    }
356,358c326
<             echo
<             echo "Content will be written to $db_dir/$rev_zone :"
<             echo "----start-------------------------------------"
---
>;             echo "---->; Content will be written to $db_dir/$rev_zone :"
373,375d340
<    [ "$to_file" ] && {
<             echo "----end---------------------------------------"
<    }
381c346
< while getopts ":hgif:r:n:tub" opt; do
---
>; while getopts ":$options" opt; do
384,388c349,350
<             g) : ;;
<             f) fwd_zone=$OPTARG ;;
<             r) rev_zone=$OPTARG ;;
<             n) ns_host=$OPTARG ;;
<             i) interact=true ;;
---
>;             r) : ;;
>;             s) run_spec ;;
390d351
<             u) update=true ;;
391a353
>;             f) update=true ;;
398,399c360,361
< [ "$interact" = true ] && run_intact
< [ "$update" = true ] || { check_conf $fwd_zone $rev_zone; mod_conf $fwd_zone $rev_zone; }
---
>;
>; test "$update" = true || { check_conf $fwd_zone $rev_zone; mod_conf $fwd_zone $rev_zone; }
401c363
< [ "$to_file" ] || {
---
>; test "$to_file" || {

#-- CHANGE LOG --#
# 1) 2003-12-05 v0.1 by netman
#    * first version.
# 2) 2003-12-06 v0.2 by netman
#    * improve options selection, and add:
#             -f, -r, -n
# 3) 2003-12-06 v0.3 by netman
#    * improve name server hostname determination
# 4) 2003-12-07 v0.4 by netman
#    * re-organize options dtermination, and add:
#             -c, -d, -e
# 5) 2003-12-10 v0.5 by netman
#    * bug-fixed to solve:
#             - ip alias address: have primary only
#             - no dns domain: set to test.cxm
#             - no hostname: set to ns1
# 6) 2003-12-12 v0.6 by netman
#    * bug-fixed to solve:
#             - backup dir detection

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簡單建立 dns 的 shell script